Getting the story Wright: December 2025

Tuesday, December 30, 2025

Wright Cycle Exchange, 1015 West Third Street, Dayton, Ohio

Brief history of this subject- In researching for my 2016 post "Hawthorn Street, Dayton, Ohio- Neighborhood of the Wright Brothers", I became aware of address changes along Hawthorn that occurred in the 1873 through 1887 Dayton City Directories, and through evaluation of the Sanborn maps. This confirmed the location of the 1878-1881 Billheimer's home, Reuchlin Wright's In-Laws, and that it was still standing, as suspected by Louis Chmiel. Again, while researching my 2021 post, "The Wright Brother's Print and Cycle Shop Locations", I was surprised once again to find multiple address changes along West Third Street unknown to previous historians who had based locations of some of the Wright Print and Cycle shops on addresses that had been changed since the time the Wright's occupied those buildings. Further, I discovered the assumed construction date of the Nicholas Block was incorrect, such that the first Wright Cycle Exchange could not have been located in this building. Incorporating these findings, I revised my 2016 post "The Gem City Ice Cream Building and the 1st Wright Cycle Shop". Visiting the Benson Ford Library Wright Brother Archives in August of 2018, I became aware of the edited Orville Wright interview notes. These findings, plus the evidence of Wright Cycle Exchange advertisements of 1893 led me to the obvious conclusions presented again in this post. A decade has already passed since the writing of the Gem City Ice Cream post, and 5 years since the writing of the Wright Cycle Shop locations post. This post provides a summary of the facts related to the Wright's first Cycle Shop, and also the move to the second location.

------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Wright Cycle Exchange, 1893

Wilbur and Orville Wright's first bicycle shop was located at 1015 West Third Street, and not at 1005 West Third Street as had been believed to be the location since 1938. The 1015 building was demolished around 1950, and remained an empty lot until recently. If the structure no longer exists, does it really matter that we acknowledge the correct address? Yes, for the accuracy of history and for the correct placement of an historical marker, of course it matters. This first site had nothing to do with the Wright's aviation experiments, but it does have much to do with their business experiences and life adventures.

1000 block north side, West Third Street around 1915. The buildings surrounding 1015 shown in this photograph did not exist in 1893. The Nichols Block building shown occupied by Gem City Ice Cream with 1005/1007 address was not built until after 1894. In 1893, the building utilized by Wright Cycle Exchange was a residential/commercial two-story building identified by the yellow arrow with address of 1013/1015. By 1919, the structure was renumbered 1015/1017. West of 1015/1017 was Herter's Feed Store, and The Midget Theater. Only the Theater building still stands today. (1)

Orville Wright was interviewed by Henry Ford's research team November 20, 1936 and asked about the various shop locations of the Wright's Cycle Shop. The initial typed draft of that interview was as follows, " Mr. Wright stated (11-20-36) that their first bicycle shop was located in the middle of the one thousand block on the north side of Third Street, that they were there in this location only four or five months- November or December, 1892 to May 1893. They moved because there wasn't sufficient room. Their next location was on the south side of Third Street in the same block. In the early part of 1895 they moved again, this time to Williams Street...."

In this interview, Orville did not indicate building numbers. In later drafts of the interview, Ford's team added specific addresses for each Cycle Shop location. These addresses likely were provided through Orville's secretary Mabel Beck at a later date as the notes from the interview were being compiled for use in the 1938 publication of the booklet "Dedication of the Wright Brothers Home and Shop in Greenfield Village, Dearborn Michigan April Sixteen Nineteen Hundred Thirty-Eight". They incorrectly indicated the first Cycle location address as 1005 West Third, and this is the first recording of this incorrect address, and serves as the primary source. (2)

1893 Wright Cycle Exchange locations. 1887 Sanborn map showing location of 1015 toward "the middle of the one thousand block on the north side of Third Street". The Wright's moved to the south side of Third Street to 1034, just a few doors east of their Hoover Block 2nd floor location of Wright & Wright Job Printers.

Fred C. Fisk, co-author of "The Wright Brothers from Bicycle to Biplane", (co-author Marlin W. Todd), with the assistance of Nancy Horlacher of the Dayton Montgomery County Library, discovered 39 printed ads in the 1893 March through May issues of the "Dayton Evening Press" advertising the Wright Cycle Exchange with address of 1015 West Third Street. At the time of their discovery in 1986, they believed they had discovered an unknown Wright Cycle location, thinking at that time that this address was in addition to the location at 1005 West Third. In fact, what they had discovered was the correct address of the first Wright Cycle shop location. Interpreted at the time by others as a typo in all of the 39 printed ads, the 1015 address was ignored! Nearly every book written on the Wright Brothers since 1986 have failed to even acknowledge the 1015 address and have continued to list the 1005 address as the location of the first Wright Cycle Exchange.

1893 Dayton Evening Press Wright Cycle Exchange advertisement, 1015 West Third Street, Between Williams and Baxter.

For all the Brother's other Print / Cycle Shop locations, there is printed documentation in the Dayton City Directories for each location except for their first Cycle Shop. Why is this? It is because of the timing of occupation. The shop location wasn't obtained until December of 1892, too late to be recorded in the 1893 publication of the Dayton City Directory, and they only remained at this location till May of that year. Wilbur and Orville also did not print letterhead stationary for the first location (with address) as they did for other locations.

Wilbur obtained the space in December of 1892, but due to health issues, the space would not open till late March, 1893. Milton's diary entry for December 21, 1892, "...Wilbur sick in evening; Appendicitis."

At the eighth annual meeting of the Annual Club of Ten Dayton Boys (October 14, 1893), Wilbur shared "Soon after our last meeting I was taken very ill and was confined to the house for nearly a month. At length I was well enough to go about again; but a few days before Christmas I had another attack much more severe than the other, from which I did not recover for nearly two months. Indeed I am not sure that I am entirely rid of it yet. About the beginning of April I embarked in the bicycle business and though times have been very hard and prices very unsteady, I have escaped bankruptcy. I spent a few days in August attending bicycle races at Columbus and Springfield, and in September spent a month at the 'Columbian Exposition'. The rest of the year has been spent at home." After suffering with the appendicitis from December into early March, it wasn't until the last week of March 1893 the shop was advertised as opened, with the first ads appearing in The Dayton Evening Press March 25th. Fred Kelly wrote, "Their first interest in bicycles was racing; but as their interest grew, they arranged in December, 1892, to start the Wright Cycle Co., to sell, repair, and manufacture bicycles. They opened for business in the Spring of 1893." (3)

The Wright's were familiar with 1015 West Third, having written articles and advertisement for the building in issues of West Side News. The Fouts family had occupied the residential side 1013 from 1871 through 1904. Josiah Fouts operated a grocer/feed store here from 1871 through 1879, then switching to manufacturing yeast here from 1879 until his death in 1895. Orville mentioned Fouts in the March 16, 1889 issue of West Side News, "The Society of Christian Endeavor of the Broadway M. E. Church held a supper at the residence of Mr. Fouts, on West Third Street....". Fouts' wife continued the business until 1904.

While the Fout's occupied 1013, in 1889, J. H. Casler and eventually successor William U. Shoup occupied 1015 for his natural gas and steam pipe fitting business. Both advertised in Orville's West Side News, August through December of that year. Casler retired and Shoup relocated to 1034 West Third in 1890 and remained there through 1891. After Shoup vacated 1015, Chas. Benz Shoe Store moved in, advertising in the March issues of West Side News, 1890. The Shoe Store did not last long at this location. In 1890 prior to locating to 1015, the Shoe Store had been located at 1250 West Third, and in 1889, at 138 West River. Chas. Benz does not appear in the Dayton Directory for 1891, apparently having left Dayton.

Mrs. Ida Easterbrook was a dress maker, and her husband Wilton a painter. They lived and worked from 1431 W. Monument in 1891. They occupied 1015 in 1892, with Ida running a daily market at that location. They left that location later in 1892, and in 1893, Wilton lived at 14 S. Barnett. 1015 was therefore available for the Wright Cycle Exchange in December of 1892.

After Wright Cycle Exchange occupied 1015 from December 1892 through May 1893, and then vacated to 1034 West Third, 1015 was occupied by Fouts' The Owl Drug Company from 1895 through 1898, run by Josiah and Ellen's son William. William was born the same year as Wilbur Wright (1867), and in 1904, was one of the witnesses to the Wright's October flights at Huffman Prairie. The Owl Drug Company moved to the north west side of 3rd and Williams in 1899.

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Address Changes

Addresses changed along West Third Street a number of times as buildings were constructed or torn down over the decades. Previous historians apparently unaware of these changes misidentified a number of locations of the Wright's Print and Cycle shops based on more recent addresses in lieu of the addresses as assigned during the dates of occupation.

Prior to around 1884, the address of the structure utilized for the first Wright Cycle Exchange was 1011/1013. After that date, the address changed to 1013/1015. Then, by 1919, the address had changed yet again to 1015/1017. The reason for the address changes was due to additional building construction to the east, necessitating address numbers to shift. Matching the correct address to the time period, in 1893, the address of 1013/1015 applies, which places the Wright Cycle Exchange in the west side of the building, with the Fouts living in the residential east side of the building.

The building just east of the Wright Cycle Exchange in 1893 had the address of 1009 West Third. This can be seen on the 1887 and 1897 Sanborn maps. Prior to 1884, in lieu of 1009, this building had the address of 1005. The Samuel Troy family lived at residence 1005 West Third from 1880 through 1885. From 1880 through 1883, the Dayton Directories listed their home as 1005. Then, in 1884 and 1885, the directories listed their home as 1009 due to an address change. This change corresponds with the change of Fouts 1011/1013 to 1013/1015 the same year. This change was likely made in anticipation of a new structure to be built between 1003 and 1009, the small single story 1005 building that appears on the 1897 map.

Address changes also occurred on the south side of West Third Street. These changes again, apparently unknown to previous historians, resulted in misidentifying the location of the 1034 building occupied by the Wright Cycle Exchange in later 1893. A historical marker for the second location of Wright Cycle Exchange is currently located at an empty lot where the Orth Building once stood, just east of the Pekin Theater Building. The correct location is actually immediately west of the Fish Market Building which is just west of the Pekin Theater, in the footprint of the east end of the Setzer Building.

Compilation of Sanborn maps from 1887, 1897, 1919, and 1950 is shown here, assembled by this author. The location of 1034 West Third is identified in each with a yellow star. This marks the building where the Wright Cycle Exchange/Wright Cycle Company was located in 1893-1894. The numbering of the addresses changed in 1939, with old and new numbering depicted on the 1950 plan. 1034 was changed to 1048. Also note that 1022/1024 was changed to 1030/1034, leading previous historians to mistakenly identify this building (The Orth Building) as the location of the 1893/94 Wright Cycle Company.

When Wright Cycle Exchange occupied 1034 West Third, the building was a single story structure as identified on the 1887 and 1897 Sanborn maps. By 1915, this photo shows that building had been replaced by a 2-story building, maintaining the 1034 address. The Orth Building shown further east, was a smaller structure with address of 1024 in 1893.

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From 1902-1908, George W. M. Bookwalter, Real Estate, occupied 1015. Then from July 15th of 1912 through 1918, S. E. Bookwalter Electric Company occupied the space.

Unfortunately for the Bookwalter's, their new business venture would suffer as a result of the Dayton 1913 flood. Their losses were heavy, but the family and business was able to recover, or so it seemed. From the Dayton Daily News, December 4, 1915 issue, "In a temporary attack of melancholia, said to be due to brooding over losses incurred in the 1913 flood, Mrs. Adah Bookwalter, age about 40, residing at 1015 West Third Street, committed suicide in the bed room of her home shortly after 11 o'clock Friday night by shooting herself in the head with an automatic pistol. Mrs. Bookwalters' two daughters, ages about 8 and 10 years, were in the same room, asleep, when the woman turned the revolver on herself and ended her life. At the time of the tragedy Sherman Bookwalter, the husband, who is in the electrical supply business at the same address, was in the basement. Bookwalter heard the shot and rushing upstairs found his wife stretched across the bed with a bullet hole in her temple and the two children, suddenly aroused from their sleep, frantically endeavoring to grasp the impact of what they saw. Physicians were hurriedly summoned, but Mrs. Bookwalter was dead before they arrived. At the time of the flood Bookwalter's electrical supply shop at 1015 West Third Street was splendidly equipped and practically everything was lost. Bookwalter was not disheartened and re-entered the business after the flood, but his wife continually brooded over the loss and seemed unable to recover from the shock...."

Louis F Korte Lighting Fixtures moved in late 1918 and stayed through 1932. Liberty Electric is listed at this address from 1934 through 1937. In 1937, the adjacent Feed Store building to the west was demolished and a new building constructed in its place, financed by the Gem City Ice Cream Company and leased to Liberty Electric, with address now as 1017. The address of 1015/1017 at this time became just 1015. H.P. Morris & Co moved in to 1015 to take Liberty's place in 1937. Ed John's Appliance Shop was located in 1015 from 1940 through 1942. 1015 was listed as vacant in 1944 and 1946. The Hagar family lived at 1015 1/2 from 1944 through at least 1948. The Gem City Ice Cream Company was using 1015 as warehouse space in 1948. 1015 was demolished prior to 1951, no longer listed as an address in that year's directory, and no longer depicted on the 1950 Sanborn Fire Insurance map.

The changing building construction and address changes can be viewed in the Sanborn maps of the north side of the 1000 block of West Third Street. Note how 1013/1015 becomes 1015/1017 on the 1919 map, and 1017a becomes 1017. 1015/1017 had become just 1015 prior to 1950, and the outline of 1015 can be seen covered on the 1950 map, the building having been demolished by this date.

Why the resistance to accept the 1015 address as the location for the Wright Cycle Exchange in lieu of 1005 West Third? It has been due to the misinformation that the Wright's first Cycle shop had been located in 1005 of the Nicholas Block, later to be occupied by The Gem City Ice Cream Company. The misinformation was due to the incorrect understanding of the construction date of the Nicholas Block, with historians assuming the building existed in 1892/93, but it did not. The residence at 1003 West Third, clearly shown on the 1897 Sanborn map, would have required removal prior to the construction of the Nicholas Block, as it shared its footprint. This property was not sold to Abraham Nicholas, the builder of the Nicholas Block, until January of 1894. The 1003 residence was occupied during these years as is clearly documented in the Dayton City Directories. As related to the Wright Brothers business, it is not open to debate, the building did not exist in 1892/3, and the Wright's could not have occupied it. (4)

So, what of 1005 West Third? The 1897 Sanborn map shows a small single story wood structure at 1005, much too small to have been considered for a Cycle Shop location. The building was constructed likely sometime between 1886 (too late to appear on the 1897 Sanborn map) and 1893 (demolished by 1896 to clear the land for construction of the Nicholas Block). There is no record of any business occupying this building. When Orville Wright was interviewed November 20, 1936, he mentioned only one location for the first Cycle Shop location. He did not indicate two. Wilbur Wright did not first obtain 1005, found it too small, then moved to 1015, and found it too small, and then moved to 1034. Based on the sizes of other Cycle shops in existence in Dayton, he would not have made the mistake of thinking the small 1005 single story structure that may or may not have existed in 1892 would have been adequate for a Cycle Shop. Even if Wilbur had first stored supplies at 1005 (he didn't), that location was never opened to customers, as the Wright Cycle Exchange did not open until the Spring of 1893, clearly at 1015 West Third Street as advertised in 39 separate ads from March through May.

The Wright Brother's Print and Cycle Shop Locations

The Gem City Ice Cream Building and the 1st Wright Cycle Shop

Friday, December 12, 2025

Collecting Wright Brother First Flight Newspapers

Updated December 15, 2025

Accounts of the Wright Brother's flights of December 17th, 1903 appeared in numerous newspapers on December 18th. The early accounts were riddled with inaccuracies and fabricated "facts", as the Wrights were not initially consulted for the details of the flights. These earliest of issues would be the most desirable to some collectors, while others may place aesthetics of the article ahead of an early date. Secondly, if the account was printed on the front page in lieu of buried within the issue, this may be a desirable factor to some collectors as display of the article would be easier. Asking prices are generally in the hundreds of dollars. A complete newspaper would generally have more value than a single page. Value would also increase with condition of course. Newspapers of this time period tend to be brittle due to the acidity of the newsprint, and require careful handling to avoid potential chipping of page edges.

What follows is just a partial list of early first flight newspapers. After December 18th, the number of papers carrying the story increases exponentially, so I intentionally stopped listing papers for December 19th after reaching 23 different issues. I will likely add to this list over time as I come across other issues that come to sale. Only a handful of issues are listed beyond the 19th date, only because I tired of typing. There are hundreds to list.

Dec 18, 1903 The Dayton Daily News "Dayton Boys Emulate Great Santos-Dumont". The morning edition of this date did not carry the first flight article, leading many historical sources to indicate the Dayton Daily News didn't carry the story on the 18th. However, the story did appear in the evening edition, page 8.

The Dayton Daily News December 18, 1903 account from the Wright Brother's scrapbook, courtesy of Dayton Metro Library Archives.

Original print block, Dayton Boys Emulate Great Santos-Dumont. Print block compared to laminated page of article at Dayton Metro Library. Photo by Author, May of 2014.

Photographic process on magnesium plate, hardens the metal, and when placed in acid bath, softer metal is removed, leaving the image. This is then mounted on wood. This process for printing plates dates to the later 1800's and is still in use today. Corrosion (white powered areas) are due to magnesium oxidation. From Author's collection.

Dec 18, 1903 The Dayton Evening Herald "Dayton Boys Fly Airship, Problem of Aerial Navigation Solved" Inaccurate article "Wilbur [Wilbur] and Orville Wright, of Dayton, O., have solved the problem of aerial navigation by successfully flying their airship, with which they have been experimenting for the past three years....[1900-1903] The flight began from a platform constructed upon a high sand hill near Kitty Hawk...When all was ready, Wilber [Wilbur] took his place in the car, which is in the center of the machine, and his brother released the catch which held the affair to the top of the incline. Gravity did the rest, and while the rush down the slope was going on the navigator started a small gasoline engine that occupies a central position in the floor of the car. By a system of pulleys and cogs this engine put in motion a six-bladed propeller directly beneath it, and another extending horizontally to the rear...." Yeah, not quite, and exactly how would they land with a moving propeller on the underside of the machine? The Evening Herald was simply repeating the misinformation without consulting the Wright family in order to not miss the deadline for printing that day.

Dayton Evening Herald, "Dayton Boys Fly Airship". From Wright Brother's scrapbook, courtesy of Dayton Metro Library Archives.

Dec 18, 1903 The Troy Times N.Y. "Machine Flies. Account is similar to The Dayton Evening Herald story, including the misspelling of Wilbur's name as Wilber.

The Troy Times (NY), December 18, 1903 "Machine Flies". This issue was offered for sale on E-bay in 2018 for $800. The item was later listed as no longer available, so actual sale amount not determined. It was indicated as a complete newspaper.

Dec 18, 1903 Virginian-Pilot "Flying Machine Soars 3 Miles in Teeth of High Wind Over Sand Hills and Waves at Kitty Hawk On Carolina Coast, No Balloon Attached To Aid It." The reporter who hadn't witnessed the flights, made up the account that would then be repeated by other papers, "Like a monster bird the invention hovered above the breakers and circled over the rolling sand hills at the command of its navigator and, after soaring for three miles, it gracefully descended to earth again and rested lightly upon the spot selected by the man in the car as a suitable landing place" "Eureka," he cried, as did the alchemist of old." Wilbur's name is spelled as "Wilber" in this account.

Virginian-Pilot December 18, 1903, from Wright Brother's scrapbooks, courtesy of Dayton Metro Library Archives.

Dec 18, 1903 The Cincinnati Post, "Airship Made by Wright Brothers, of Dayton, Said to Have made a Successful Test." Page 3.
Dec 18, 1903 The Denver Times "Remarkable Flight of Yankee Machine" An issue sold for $240 on Dec 2008.
Dec 18, 1903 Fitchburg Daily Sentinel Mass "This Airship Went Like a Bird" An issue sold for $250 Apr 2005.
Dec 18, 1903 The Minneapolis Journal "Flying Machine Proves Success". Front page.
Dec 18, 1903 The Buffalo News "This Flying Machine Defies The Elements; A Success, They Say." Page 13.
Dec 18, 1903 Nashville Banner, "Navigating Atmosphere. Successful Trial Trip Of Wright Brothers' Flying Machine." Pg 7 "A huge framework of light timbers three feet wide, five feet deep and five feet across the top forms the machine proper. This is covered with a tough but light canvas. In the center is the navigator's car, and suspended just below the bottom plan is a small gasoline engine, which furnishes the motive power for the propelling and elevating wheels....Protruding from the center of the car is a huge fan-shaped rudder of canvas stretched upon a frame of wood." Yeah, and pink unicorns breathed their magic power upon William, or Wilber as he cried out "Eureka!", and he flapped his arms and flew along side his brother Orville all the way back to Dayton.
Dec 18, 1903 Lexington Herald-Leader, "Flying Machine, Wright Brothers Construct One At Last That Really Flies". Page 6.
Dec 18, 1903 The Pittsburgh Press, "Flight In Air, The Wright Brothers' Flying Machine Made a Successful Trip Near the Coast". Page 19.
Dec 18, 1903 Lewiston Evening Journal, Maine, "The Machine Actually Flies". Front Page.
Dec 18, 1903 San Francisco Chronicle, "Solve Aerial Flight Problem". Page 7.
Dec 18, 1903 New York American "Airship Flies Three Miles In A Gale".
Dec 18, 1903 Evening News Chicago "It Flies Against Wind"
Dec 18, 1903 The Constitution, Atlanta, Ga. Within paper, three lines of text, no headline. Way to go Atlanta!

The Constitution, Atlanta, Ga. Three lines buried within paper. Suitable for framing. "A successful trial trip of a flying-machine has been made in North Carolina by the Wright brothers, of Ohio."

Dec 19, 1903 New York Tribune "Flying Machine Works" Issue sold on E-bay for $49.99 on Aug 25th, 2014. Issue was just pages 4 and 5, and had some tears and old tape repair.

New York Tribune, "Flying Machine Works".

Dec 19, 1903 New York World "Flying Machine Succeeds On Trial".
Dec 19, 1903 New York Herald, "Gale No Bar To Flying Machine". "Wright Brothers Experimenting with Flying Machine".
Dec 19, 1903 Dayton Journal "Wright Flyer. Clever Device of Bishop Wright's Sons".
Dec 19, 1903 Dayton Press "Wright Boys Coming Home. Will Pass Christmas Week in Dayton and Return to Kitty Hawk Next Month For Other Tests of Machine".
Dec 19, 1903 The Omaha Daily Bee "Is A Real Flying Machine"
Dec 19, 1903 Cincinnati Enquirer "Ohio Inventors And Their Airship"
Dec 19, 1903 Cincinnati Post "Flight. Through the Air as Will, Believed by the Wright Boys to Be Now Within Their Grasp".
Dec 19, 1903 Boston Evening Transcript "The Latest Flying Machine".
Dec 19, 1903 Commercial Tribune, Cincinnati "Ohio Men Invent Airship That Flies".
Dec 19, 1903 Chicago Record-Herald "New Air Ship Flies Against Heavy Wind".
Dec 19, 1903 Chicago Tribune "Flying Machine Soars. Ohioans Launch Aerial Ship Near Kitty Hawk, N. C.". Page 3.
Dec 19, 1903 Virginian-Pilot "Airship Success On Third Attempt".
Dec 19, 1903 The News and Advance, Lynchburg, Virginia "Flying Machine That Flies" Page 5.
Dec 19, 1903 Savannah Morning News, "This Machine Flies", Front page.
Dec 19, 1903 Marion Daily Star, Ohio. "The Machine Is Not A Mere Toy". Front page.
Dec 19, 1903 San Francisco Chronicle "New Flying Machine Record". Page 6.
Dec 19, 1903 Richmond Times-Dispatch "A Machine That Flies". Page 5.
Dec 19, 1903 The Morning Star, Wilmington, N. C. Front page, one sentence, "Flying machine, operated by Wright Brothers, of Dayton, Ohio, sailed three miles at Kitty Hawk, N.C., Thursday."
Dec 19, 1903 Fort Wayne Daily News "Flying Machine Excites Interest" Front page. Accurate account, "No further test was made today by Orville and Wilbur Wright of their flying machine at Kitty Hawk, on the Carolina coast. The news of their successful trial Thursday caused them to be besieged with messages from all quarters of the country. They are not surprised that the matter was made public at this time and refuse to give out further information regarding their machine or the time of its next trial. It can be stated, however, no more tests will be made until after the holidays, as the brother inventors leave today for Dayton, O., where they will pass Christmas week with their father, Bishop Wright of the United Brethren church...."
Dec 19, 1903 The State. Columbia, S.C. "This A Real Flying Machine". Front page.
Dec 19, 1903 The Brooklyn Times "Wright Brothers Modest" Front page.
Dec 19, 1903 The Evening News, Patterson, New Jersey "A Machine That Flies". Page 7.
Dec 20, 1903 Chicago Sunday Record- Herald "A Flying Machine That Flies" An issue was offered on AbeBooks.com for $400 in 2014. I don't know if it sold for that amount. Listed as a complete newspaper.
Dec 24, 1903 The Dayton Herald "Wright Brothers Return Home, The Problem Solved"
Jan 6, 1904 The Minneapolis Journal "Airship Was A Great Success", Story on front page. An issue is currently available (when this post was written) on E-bay by jimspages for $250. The issue is complete 20 pages, and slightly brittle as is to be expected. Removed from a bound volume.

The Minneapolis Journal, January 6, 1904.

Jan 6, 1904 Youngstown Vindicator Ohio "Flying Machine Problems Solved" A 12-page issue removed from bound set sold by Swann Auction Galleries for $750 on Nov 21, 2024. Semi-correct account stating, "The Wright brothers, inventors, of the flying machine which caused widespread attention have made the following statement which which [sic] they say is the first correct statement of the two [four] successful trials made by them: 'On the morning of December 17, between 11:30 [10:30] and noon four flights were made, two by Orville Wright and two by Wilbur Wright...."

Jan 6, 1904 Youngstown Vindicator, "Flying Machine Problem Solved", courtesy of Swann Auction Galleries.

Jan 17, 1904 The Denver Republican, "The Machine That Flies"

Single laminate page 24 from The Denver Republican, January 17, 1904, "The Machine That Flies". Inaccurate illustration but aesthetically pleasing for display. Author's collection.

Drawing of Flyer with imagined vertical propeller at rear and horizontal propeller underneath.

Jan 17, 1904 Dallas Morning News, "The Machine That Flies." Offered with some other Wright articles by University Archives on May 31, 2023. Story printed on page 17. It does not appear that the rest of the issue was included. Items did not sell.

"The Machine That Flies", courtesy of University Archives.

Feb 7, 1904 New York Tribune "Aerial Flights". Issue is available as of the writing of this post on E-bay by jimspages, for $295. Complete paper of 14 pages, and somewhat brittle as is to be expected. Removed from bound volume.

New York Tribune Feb 7, 1904 "Aerial Flights".

If you decide to collect some early flight newspapers, keep in mind they are easily damaged due to the brittle newsprint. For newspapers in general, I store mine in archival acid free folders. It is best to leave the newspaper in place once inserted into the archival sleeve, as each time the issue is removed, some chipping of the paper edges tends to occur. Laminated pages can be handled without this concern, but some collectors prefer to not have their pages laminated as this is an irreversible process.

Acid free Archival folder with clear plastic sleeves sized for large newsprint. Without damage to the newspaper, I'll often place folded pages separate into sleeves in lieu of keeping the entire issue in one sleeve such that news accounts can be read without removing the full issue.

For multi-page issues, if all pages are within one sleeve, or if the account is within the folded sheet not visible, I'll make a print of the article within and include within the sleeve to remind myself of what is within the issue, and also to limit the times I remove the issue from the archival folder.

I use ITOYA Art Profolio folders. They come in various sizes. For newspapers I use the 24" by 18". Not an advertisement, as I make no income from this blog. Just recommending a good product for this use. These come with 24 pages. Older newspapers from the 1800's may have larger dimensions, and to utilize these folders, the issues need to be folded in half to slip into the sleeve. This is how I store my loose Milton Wright Religious Telescope issues from 1875 for example. The 1876 issues are slightly smaller in height, and fit fine. Newspapers of this age are printed on linen, and are not brittle at all.

Bishop Wright, editor of Religious Telescope, 1875 issues are a bit too large, so issue is stored folded in sleeve. 1876 issue dimensions are such that it fits open within a sleeve.

As old newsprint can be brittle, collectors will likely find various levels of damage as they obtain, and as they handle their issues, such as small tears, or even paper loss at folds. Papers that have been stored folded for long periods of time (as in decades), will often have separation along the fold points, including paper loss. I obtained Dayton Daily News issues associated with the Wright Brothers Home Celebration of June 17-18, 1909. These issues had been stored folded, and had paper loss at the folds. Had these been simply placed in an archival folder, the issues could not be fully viewed, as each printed sheet consists of four pages, such that front and back page could be viewed, but internal two pages of printed sheet are hidden. To fully view, the paper would need to be removed from the folder, causing additional unintentional damage due to the brittleness and existing tears. For this reason, I used acid-free archival tape to mend the papers. With these repairs, I am able to remove the papers and view them with minimal potential for damage. I've used a product by LINECO, called Document Repair Tape, acid free, using a bone paper folder to apply the tape. This method of preservation is acceptable for papers valued in the low hundreds of dollars in my opinion. For more valuable issues such as a copy of the Wright's West Side News, investing in professional conservation services would be recommended. Perhaps a subject for a future post.

LINECO acid-free document repair tape. Sizable paper loss at fold. With repair, page can now be opened without further damage. Care must still be taken at paper edges when re-inserting into acid-free sleeve. Dayton Daily News, June 16, 1909 page. Author's copy.

Other posts on collecting Wright material-

Collecting Wright Brother First Flight Magazines

The Wright Brothers 1909 Dayton Celebration Posters and Programs

Collecting Orville Wright Estate Magazines, Pamphlets, and Bulletins

Gleaning the History from Wright Brother Checks- Their styles and values.

Value of Historical Items Associated with the Wright Brothers

The 1903 Wright Flyer Fabric and Wood Remnants

Collecting Historical Items Associated with the Wright Brothers

Collecting Letters of Orville Wright- Their Historical Content and Values

Collecting Letters of Wilbur Wright- Their Historical Content and Values

Collecting First Flight Photos Signed by Orville Wright

Collecting Pilot Licenses Signed by Orville Wright

The Wright Brother 1903 Western Union and Postal Telegraph Telegrams

Buyer Beware When Collecting Wright Brother Items- Revised

Tuesday, December 9, 2025

Collecting Wright Brother First Flight Magazines

Updated December 11, 2025

The Wright Brother's flights of December 17th, 1903 were reported by numerous newspapers the next day and the days that followed, with most of the accounts filled with inaccuracies due to the imaginations of news writers lacking the actual facts but anxious to report the historical event. The accounts were then repeated in magazines, as early as the last week of December.

Wilbur & Orville Wright, A Bibliography Commemorating the Hundredth Anniversary of the Birth of Wilbur Wright, compiled by Arthur G. Renstrom, Library of Congress 1968, is a useful source of lists of publications of Wright history. Under the section of Aeroplanes and Flights, starting in 1903, a list is provided of magazines containing articles of the Wright's experiments. From this list, I've been slowly compiling a collection of these early magazines associated with news accounts of the December 17th flights. I have also found first flight magazines not listed in the Bibliography.

Some first flight magazine examples follow:

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Scientific American December 26, 1903, vol. LXXXIX No. 26. "A Successful Experiment With a Motor-Driven Aeroplane". Issued just 9 days after the first flights. Inaccurate account stating, "The aeroplane was started from the top of a 100-foot sand dune. After it was pushed off, it at first glided downward near the surface of the incline. Then, as the propellers gained speed, the aeroplane rose steadily in the air to a height of about 60 feet, after which it was driven a distance of some three miles......"

The aeroplane started from level ground, was not pushed, did not go up 60' or travel 3 miles. Why would Scientific American think the propellers slowly gained speed? How would one push a machine with propellers in the way? In their defense, they're simply repeating misinformation reported in the early newspaper accounts, but still....

Scientific American December 26, 1903 "A Successful Experiment With a Motor-Driven Aeroplane". One of Author's copies.

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L'Aerophile Decembre 1903 "Le Tour Du Monde Ae'rien. L'aviation en Ame'rique". This early issue is interesting in the alarm it brings to the French, and the calls for their aviators to waste no time in solving the flight problem. The earlier April 1903 issue is also interesting with Octave Chanute's Aero Club talk on the Wright's gliding experiments, with pictures of Wright gliders identified as "L'appareil Chanute vu par-dessous", translated, The Chanute device seen from below.

The April 1903 5-page account explains, "Here is how Mr. Chanute came into contact with the Wright brothers, his current devoted collaborators. In 1900, the Wright brothers, bicycle manufacturers in Dayton, Ohio, wrote to Mr. Chanute requesting details of his experiments. They wished to repeat them for purely sporting purposes. Mr. Chanute readily provided them with the information they desired, and Messrs. Wright then had devices similar to Mr. Chanute's built based on his data, which they immediately tested with real success...... " Yeah, not so much how it happened Chanute. Perhaps more on this in another post.

L'Aerophile December 1903, "Around the World By Air". Author's copy.

"Aviation in America- According to the foreign daily press, the brothers Orville and Wilbur Wright, whose gliding experiments we described in our April and August 1903 issues, successfully tested an airplane equipped with a glider on December 18th [17th] at Kitty Hawk.....After 5 kilometers, he is said to have landed without difficulty.

Mr. Chanute, interviewed by telegram about the veracity of this news, replied to Mr. Drzewiecki: 'Newspaper stories considerably exaggerated, await details by letter'.

We will wait before commenting, but let us remind French aviators of the alarm raised by Mr. Ernest Archdeacon: 'Would the homeland of the Montgolfier family be ashamed to allow this ultimate discovery of aerial science to be realized abroad?' And this recommendation by Captain Ferber: 'There is still time, but let's not waste a minute.'

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Le Monde Illustre' Janvier 2, 1904, 48 Anne'e, No. 2440, "L'Ae'roplane Des E'tats-Unis". A portion of the account is translated below. Octave Chanute is given the credit as providing the advice the Wright's then followed to achieve success.

Le Monde Illustre', January 2, 1904. Bound volume for 1904, Author's copy.

"The United States Airplane"

"The approach of the St. Louis Exposition, where a prize of 500,000 francs is to be awarded to the best aerial navigation apparatus, has led to the resumption if airplane experiments at Kitty Hawk, in Chesapeake Bay. [The St. Louis Exposition had nothing to do with the Wright's motivation of experiments at Kitty Hawk].

With great boldness, these experiments are being carried out by Mr. Wilbur Wright, who came with his brother from Dayton, Ohio, to ascertain, on the shores of the Atlantic, the data applicable to aviation that an American of French origin, Mr. O. Chanute, a railway engineer from Chicago, had communicated to them a few years ago. [The Wright's used their own research, and not that of Chanute's to reach success].

Last spring, Mr. Chanute gave a scientific lecture in Paris that made a great impression in the world of aviation. He was then received at the Meudon park, and Colonel Renard was very impressed by the practical side of our former compatriate's aviator. [This as reported in the April 1903 issue of L'Aerophile].

Mr. Chanute, who is over seventy, continued this summer the Wright brothers' introduction to the advances of aeronautical navigation through the use of a mechanical engine, driving two propellers. Following Mr. Chanute's advice, and also taking advantage of the ideas of the German Lilienthal, the Wright brothers first succeeded in launching against the wind from the top of a hill overlooking the sand dunes of the Atlantic cities , where the United States Geographical Service allowed them to work....." [Again, the Wright's did not follow Chanute's or Lilienthal's methods or advice. The article shows how Chanute had mislead the French with the idea the Wright's were simply his students.]

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Harper's Weekly, January 2, 1904 "The Flying-Machine That Flies". An early report with inaccuracies, and attributing too much influence of Lilienthal and Chanute.

Harper's Weekly, January 2, 1904. "A Flying-Machine That Flies".

"A Flying-Machine that Flies". "....Stories of flying-machines that fly are received with exceeding caution....What looks like a veritable exception to that rule was reported in the newspapers of December 19. .....a flying-machine made by Wilbur and Orville Wright, of Dayton, Ohio, was tried at Kitty Hawk, North Carolina, on December 18 [17], and flew three miles [not quite]....it was started on a platform on a high sand-hill, and ran down an incline.[Not]..They have followed Lilienthal's method of making practice accompany step by step, holding that the navigator, before he applies power, must learn to balance himself in his machine as he would a bicycle. Their practical experiments began in 1900, and starting with the knowledge gained by Lilienthal, and getting some good ideas from Mr. Octave Chanute, of Chicago, they seem to have worked to excellent purpose...."

Again, this article attributes too much to Chanute's input.

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Collier's January 23, 1904 Vol. XXXII No. 17 "A Flying Machine That Actually Flies". Inaccurate, repeating the flight was 3 miles in length, one horizontal propeller and one vertical propeller, pushing of the machine off a hill. Mentions the Wrights "tried the multiple wing machine with its large number of sails", which is a false statement.

Magazine collectors purchase Collier's just for the attractive covers, tending to drive the price up on this issue. I've yet to see this issue advertised for the Wright article. At the time of the writing of this post, one issue is available on E-bay for $500 and states, "The Penfield cover for this issue became an iconic collector's item and was released as a poster now fetching 4 figures..." No mention is made of the Wright article. Another E-bay seller offers this issue at $93.14. Both issues have some cover tears.

Collier's January 23, 1904 "A Flying Machine That Actually Flies". One of Author's copies.

Three of the four gliders pictured are of the Chanute glider. The fourth picture shows Wilbur Wright on the 1902 Wright glider.

"A Flying Machine That Actually Flies".

"To sail three miles through the air at a speed of eight miles an hour against a breeze blowing twenty-one miles an hour is the most notable achievement in flying-machine experiments. Three years ago, two brothers named Wright, of Dayton, Ohio, went down among the sandhills of the North Carolina coast..."

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Harper's Weekly January 30, 1904 "The Problem of Flight". Harper's got their names right in the January 2nd issue, but by January 30th, they tell of William and Orville Wright's flights.

"In a test near Kitty Hawk, North Carolina, the aeroplane designed by William and Orville Wright rose from the ground with its own power, remained in flight for a period of fifty-seven seconds at a speed of about ten miles an hour, and finally landed safely with its passengers......It made four successful ascents..."

A number of these issues have sold on E-bay. In January of 2022, an issue sold for $199. In September of 2022, another issue sold for $150. Others have sold for less, with sellers making no mention of the Wright article within.

Harper's Weekly January 30, 1904 "The Problem of Flight". Author's copy.

"The Problem of Flight"

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Knowledge & Scientific News February 1904 "A Motor Aeroplane" Vol. 1, pgs 3-4. This account has the facts correct as it is based on Orville Wright's statement to the Associated Press on January 6th.

"Various vague and sensational accounts have appeared in the Press during the last few weeks of a most important experiment made in America by the brothers Wright. We are now able to give an authentic account, kindly sent by Mr. Orville Wright himself, of what actually occurred. He states that he had not intended at present making any public statement with regard to the trials, but that 'newspaper men' gave out 'a fictitious story incorrect in almost every detail,' so that the inventors feel impelled to make some corrections...."

Knowledge & Scientific News, bound volume 1904. Author's copy.

Knowledge & Scientific News February 1904 "A Motor Aeroplane".

"On the morning of December 17, between the hours of 10:30 o'clock and noon, four flights were made, two by Orville Wright and two by Wilbur Wright. The starts were all made from a point on the levels and about 200 feet west of our camp, which is located a quarter of a mile north of the Kill Devil sand hill, in Dare County, North Carolina. The wind at the time of the flights had a velocity of 27 miles an hour at 10 o'clock, and 24 miles an hour at noon, as recorded by the anemometer at the Kitty Hawk weather bureau station. This anemometer is 30 feet from the ground. Our own measurements, made with a hand anemometer at a height of four feet from the ground, showed a velocity of about 22 miles when the first flight was made, and 20 1/2 miles at the time of the last one. The flights were directly against the wind. Each time the machine started from the level ground by its own power alone with no assistance from gravity, or any other sources whatever. After a run of about 40 feet along a mono-rail track, which held the machine eight inches from the ground, it rose from the track and under the direction of the operator climbed upward on an inclined course till a height of eight or ten feet from the ground was reached, after which the course was kept as near horizontal as the wind gusts and the limited skill of the operator would permit......the first flight was short. The succeeding flights rapidly increased in length, and the fourth trial a flight of 59 seconds was made, in which time the machine flew a little more than a half mile through the air, and a distance of 852 feet over the ground. The landing was due to a slight error of the judgment on the part of the operator....

From the beginning we have employed entirely new principles of control; and as all the experiments have been conducted at our own expense, without assistance from any individual or institution, we do not feel ready at present to give out any pictures or detailed description of the machine..."

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The Independent February 4, February 25, March 10, 1904 "The Experiments of a Flying Man". Though claimed by The Independent to be an article written by Wilbur Wright, he did not write it. Wilbur strongly protested, and apologies followed in the February 25th and March 10th issues. These make a nice collector's set.

A February 4, 1904 issue sold for $600 on January 4, 2017 by an E-bay seller. The description indicated "1904 newspaper magazine with detailed article by Wilbur Wright of the Wright Brothers describing the historic early flights....published less than two months after the 1st successful flight..."; the seller apparently unaware that Wilbur didn't actually write the article.

The Independent "The Experiments of a Flying Man". Author's copies (one of two sets)

"The Experiments of a Flying Man" by Wilbur Wright, except he didn't write it.

"One of the propellers was set to revolve vertically and intended to give a forward motion, while the other underneath the machine and revolving horizontally, was to assist in sustaining it in the air."

The Independent February 25, 1904 response to Wilbur's letter. Author's copy.

Wilbur Wright to Editor of the Independent, February 29, 1904. Letter sold by Bonhams, September 27, 2017, $6250 including BP. Wilbur was not satisfied with the Independent's response in the February 25th issue, and demanded another apology which came in the March 10 issue.

The Independent March 10, 1904 second response to Wilbur Wright's protest, buried within the issue. Author's copy.

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Gleanings in Bee Culture March 1, 1904 Vol XXXII No. 5 "Our Homes". This is one of my favorite accounts, and Amos Root's description to the boys in his Sunday School class contains accurate information, and one can tell Root understood and appreciated the Wright's methodology.

A March 1, 1904 issue of Gleanings sold on E-bay September 31, 2017, for $123 in great condition.

Gleanings in Bee Culture March 1, 1904. Author's copy.

Gleanings in Bee Culture March 1, 1904 "Our Homes".

Amos Root taught a Sunday School class of teenage boys and experienced some typical misbehavior from the group. He shared in this article how he brought them around by sharing the account of a couple boys from Dayton, Ohio.....

"Yesterday, Feb. 14, my class behaved worse than ever. I finally stopped proceedings, and told them that I feared the class would have to be broken up. Several said, 'All right, break it up;' but it had the effect of quieting them for a while. I said something like this:

'Boys, you are my personal friends- at least I believe you are. It will not only be a disgrace to you if the class is broken up, but a disgrace to me, because I shall have to admit that I am not equal to the task of keeping order....Whatever I do, I wish to maintain your respect. I am praying that God may help me to hold your confidence and your good will, whatever may happen. Last of all, most of you are church-members.

We got along pretty well after that. Usually, before closing a lesson I give the boys a hint of what is going on in the scientific world....On this particular Sunday I said, just before the last bell rang, 'Do you know, friends, that two Ohio boys, or young men, rather, have outstripped the world in demonstrating that a flying-machine can be constructed without the use of a balloon? During the past few months these two boys have made a machine that actually flew through the air for more than half a mile, carrying one of the boys with it. This young man is not only a credit to our State, but to the whole country and to the world.'

'Where do the boys live? What are their names', said a chorus of voices.

'Their names are Orville and Wilbur Wright, of Dayton, Ohio.'

'When and where did their machine fly?'

'Their experiments were made just before winter set in, on the Atlantic coast, at Kitty Hawk, N.C., at a place where there are several miles of soft sand blown up by the wind. They chose that sandy waste so that, in case of an accident, they would not be apt to be severely hurt by falling. For the same reason they managed it so as to keep the machine within five or ten feet of the ground. As soon as we have warm weather they are going on with their experiments. The machine was made something after the fashion of a box kite. A gasoline engine moved propeller wheels that pulled it against the wind. When they make their next trial I am going to try to be on hand and see the experiment.'

This little story seemed to have the effect I expected it would. They seemed to have forgotten the unpleasantness about maintaining order, and I was thanking God that I had been enabled to talk as severely as I did, and yet not arouse any bad or vindictive feelings in their hearts; but as we passed out of the door of our room, however, one of the tallest and brightest of the group said something like this:

'If they take you up in the machine I hope they will let you drop; for we haven't any use for such 'old thing' around here.'

I glanced quickly at the speaker's face to see if it was a bit of pleasantry; but he simply looked hard and sullen, or at least I thought he did. He had been one of the worst offenders that day, and he seemed not to have forgotten my severe words after all, even though he had listened intently to what I had to say about the flying-machine....

On the way home I kept thinking about the unkind fling.....It implied, or at least I thought it did, that I was getting to be too old to undertake to teach a crowd of boys in their teens.....I wondered how many of that class were of the same opinion. Had the boys been laughing at my attempts to control them?....I told Mrs. Root about it, and she felt hurt too... As I thought it over it seemed to me as if the sting was greater than if I had been knocked over with a club; but, dear friends, it did me good. It set me to praying; and my prayers cleared the sky somewhat.....I needed humbling, and God knows I felt humbled. Then a blessing came. I resolved to see my boys, and have a talk with them. The first one I met admitted, with rather downcast eyes, that I was right, and they they were wrong. He said that, in some way, they had gotten into a rut, and it seemed hard to get out of it; and he gave me a most happy surprise by saying that the tall young man had no thought of applying that cutting remark to myself. There was a mischievous little chap who generally helped along all the merriment going on in the class; and this fellow said, just as they were going out, that he would not be afraid to go up in a flying-machine clear up into the air, instead of keeping only ten feet from the ground. Then the tall one replied, and his answer, to me, came as he passed me, and, I thought, as he was looking at me. The answer was, 'Well, if they do take you up I hope they will let you drop, for we haven't any use for such 'old thing' around here.' But my pride had received a stinging lesson; and while my young friend is fully exonerated I hope the lesson I received may do me as much good as if his remark had in truth been intended for my poor self."

For more on Amos Root and his correspondence with Wilbur and Orville, see my post:

Amos I. Root Much A Buzz About the Wright Brothers

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Popular Science Monthly March 4, 1904 Vol. 64 pgs 385-393, Aerial Navigation by Octave Chanute. This account was also printed in the 1903 Smithsonian Report, which is shown here. Described in Renstrom's Wilbur and Orville Wright Bibliography as "Paper presented before section D, American Association for the Advancement of Science, December 30, 1903. Includes reference to the successful flights of the Wright brothers, December 17, 1903."

Smithsonian 1903 Report, issued in 1904. Submitted by S. P. Langley, Secretary of the Smithsonian Institution. Author's copy.

"Aerial Navigation" by O. Chanute. "...after three intelligent but unfortunate attempts by others a successful dynamic flying machine seems to have been produced by the Messrs. Wright."

"Hence the French are turning their thoughts toward aviation and propose to repeat some of the experiments with gliding machines which have take place in America....After experimenting with models three celebrated inventors have passed on to full-sized machines to carry a man. They are Maxim, Ader, and Langley, and all three have been unsuccessful, simply because their apparatus did not possess the required stability. They might have flown had the required equilibrium and strength been duly provided....The data for the full-sized flying machine of Professor Langley, tested October 7 and December 8, 1903, have not yet been published. From newspaper photographs it appears to be an amplification of the models which flew successfully in 1896, and this necessarily, would make it very frail. The failures, however, seem to have been caused by the launching gear and do not prove that this machine is useless......For three years they [Wright brothers] experimented with gliding machines, as will be described further on, and it was only after they had obtained thorough command of their movements in the air that they ventured to add a motor. How they accomplished this must be reserved for them to explain, as they are not yet ready to make known the construction of their machine nor its mode of operation. Too much praise can not be awarded to these gentlemen...."

"...Messrs. Wilbur and Orville Wright took up the problem afresh and have worked independently. These gentlemen have placed the rudder in front, where it proves more effective than in the rear, and have placed the operator horizontally on the machine, thus diminishing by four-fifths the resistance of the man's body from that which obtained with their predecessors. In 1900, 1901, 1902, and 1903 they made thousands of glides without accidents, and even succeeded in hovering in the air for a minute and more at at time. They had obtained almost complete mastery over their apparatus before they ventured to add the motor and propeller. This, in the judgment of the present writer, is the only course of training by which others may hope to accomplish success...."

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An Honorable Mention for a Pre-First Flight issue:

The Independent October 22, 1903 "The Outlook for the Flying Machine" by Professor Simon Newcomb. Newcomb makes his case for why mechanical human flight is impossible, just two months prior to the Wright's first flights December 17, 1903.

"The whole problem of the successful flying machine is therefore, that of arranging an aeroplane that shall move through the air with the requisite speed. The practical difficulties in the way of realizing the movement of such an object are obvious. The aeroplane must have its propellers. These must be driven by an engine with a source of power. Weight is an essential quality of every engine. The propellers must be made of metal, which has its weakness, and which is liable to give way when its speed attains a certain limit. And, granting complete success, imagine the proud possessor of the aeroplane darting through the air at a speed of several hundred feet per second! It is the speed alone that sustains him. How is he ever going to stop? Once he slackens his speed, down he begins to fall.....Once he stops he falls a dead mass. How shall he reach the ground without destroying his delicate machinery? I do not think the most imaginative inventor has yet even put upon paper a demonstrative, successful way of meeting this difficulty..."

Two months later, the Wrights flew.